我国区域产业政策趋同的动因与化解

Driving Force and Resolve of Regional Industrial Policy's Convergence

当前,各地地方政府所重点扶持的行业基本上都具有这样的特点:收益见效快、产值利税高、投资风险小;政策手段单一雷同,忽视条件一哄而上。这样,在区域经济的发展过程中,地方政府之间日益激烈的竞争必然会造成区域之间的产业政策趋同。区域产业政策趋同将使得地区产业链间难以产生互补效应,不利于区域之间彼此发挥分工合作的优势。区域经济发展整体性的割裂造成了区域之间产业发展重复建设、恶性竞争,很可能会破坏地方经济资源的优化组合。这对于区域经济的协调发展和长远发展极为不利。产业政策属于政府干预经济运行的一种政策手段,区域产业政策的趋同将会造成社会福利的无谓损失。所以,应当靠提高中央政府的宏观调控水平,强化地方政府的责、权、利边界,引导地方政府在区域产业政策中体现差异性。

At present, the key industry supported by local governments mostly include such characteristics： income effect is obvious, output and tax is high, investment risk is small;policy means of each area are similar, people ignore the conditions and jump on the bandwagon. So in the development process of regional economy, increasing competition between local governments will inevitably cause convergence of industrial policy among the regions. The convergence of regional industrial policy will make it difficult to generate complementary for regional industry chain, is not conducive for the areas to play the advantages of regional division of labor and cooperation each other. Destruction of the integrity of regional economy results in repetitive construction and malignant competition in industry development among the regions, it＇ s very possible to destroy the optimized combination of local economic resources. It is harmful for the coordinated development and long-term development of regional economy. Industrial policy is a kind of policy means to intervention economy operation for government, the convergence of regional industrial policy will cause the loss of social welfare. We should improve the level of the central government＇ s for macroeconomic control, strengthen the boundary between right and responsibility of local governments, guide to reflect differences in regional industrial policies.