后实证主义视角下的管理理论、实践与观念

Management Theory,Practices and Beliefs in the View of Constructive Realism and Critical Realism of Post Positivism

包括管理学在内的社会研究既是对人们观念的反映,同时也改变人们的观念,通过理论建构塑造新观念下的社会实践。由于行为、观念与时空依赖性的存在,管理学研究只能达到"似规律(law-like)"和"半规律(demi-regularity)"的理论。对严谨性的苛求会导致大量显见的、常识性的研究结论。以建构实在论的视角来看,管理研究应着重于建构起一套能付诸于实践的"有用的"理论框架;以批判实在论的视角来看,管理研究应着重于探寻现象背后的观念、机制及其错综复杂的关系,而非构念之间的表面相关性。在后实证主义看来,本土管理研究是对本土管理观念和本土管理文化及其变迁的研究,而非简单的外部情境化。后实证主义应该成为管理学研究的主流范式。

Management andsocial study are not only the reflection of people＇s beliefs, but also can change people＇s beliefs. Management theory shapes social practice under the new beliefs through the- oretical constructs. Because of behavior, ideas and temporal dependence, management theories only a- chieve ＂law-like＂ and ＂demi-regularity＂ theory. Harsh pursuit for rigor can only lead to a lot of obvi- ous, common-sense conclusions. From the view of constructivism realist perspective, management should focus on the construct of a ＂useful＂ theoretical framework. From the view of critical realism perspective, management should focus on the belief and mechanism behind the phenomenon as well as their complex relationship, rather than the surficial correlation among concepts. From the view of post positivism, the indigenous management research is to study the concept of local management and local management culture and its change, rather than a simple external contextualization.