脑梗死后轻度认知障碍患者不同年龄组认知损害特点研究

Characteristic study of cognitive impairment in patients with mild cognitive impairment after cerebral infarction in different ages

目的探讨脑梗死后轻度认知障碍患者不同年龄组的认知损害特点,为临床辨识提供依据。方法选择脑梗死后轻度认知障碍患者873例,按照国际人口学会年龄分组标准将患者分为中年组、老年组与高龄组,用Mo CA量表对不同年龄组患者认知损害特点进行评价。结果中年组Mo CA量表评分为(22.91±0.12)分,老年组(22.85±0.13)分,高龄组(22.04±0.31)分,3组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。老年组延迟回忆及抽象能力认知域得分较中年组下降(P<0.05),高龄组延迟回忆及抽象能力认知域得分较中年组下降(P<0.05),高龄组抽象能力认知域得分较老年组下降(P<0.05);对延迟回忆亚项做进一步分析,高龄组延迟回忆方面显著受损(P<0.05),3组患者经分类提示及多选提示后仍不能正确回忆的人数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论随着脑梗死后轻度认知障碍患者年龄的增加,其认知功能总体呈现下降趋势,延迟回忆能力损害程度随年龄增长下降最为明显,记忆过程中的存储、提取环节受年龄影响更为显著。

Objective To discuss the characteristic of cognitive impairment in patients with mild cognitive impairment after cerebral infarction in different ages,aiming to provide references for clinical treatment. Methods A total of 873 patients with mild cognitive impairment after cerebral infarction were selected. According to age standard of the International Society for Population,all the patients were divided into a middle-aged group,an old-age group and an advanced-age group. The Montreal cognitive assessment（ Mo CA） was applied to perform evaluation. Results The result of Moc A was（ 22. 91 ± 0. 12） in the middle-aged group,（ 22. 85 ± 0. 13） in the oldage group and（ 22. 04 ± 0. 31） in the advanced-age group,indicating statistical differences（ P〈0. 05）. The delayed memory ability and abstract ability in the old-age group were less than those in the middle-aged group（ P〈0. 05）. The delayed memory ability and abstract ability in the advanced-age group were less than those in the middle-aged group（ P〈0. 05）. The abstract ability in the advanced-age group was less than that in the old-age group（ P〈0. 05）. In a correlation analysis between age and Mo CA, The impairment of delayed memory ability was more obvious as age increased（ P〈0. 05）. By a further analysis on delayed memory ability,the delayed memory ability was significantly injured in advanced-age group,and the number of patients who had wrong memory after hints in three groups had no significant differences（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusion As the age of patients with mild cognitive impairment after cerebral infarction increases,the cognitive function generally shows a downward trend,which was more obvious in the delayed memory ability. Besides,the storage and extraction in the process of memory were under more influence of age.