义务教育城乡差异的现状与反思——基于山东省义务教育状况的调查

The rural-urban differences of compulsory education in Shandong province

教育均衡发展政策在我国义务教育中取得了明显成效,但在城乡义务教育之间仍然存在较大差异。其中显性差异突出体现在学校的硬件设施、师资水平和发展机会、家庭教育花费、班额大小与家校距离以及学生参与课外活动情况等方面。除此之外,在受教育机会、受教育的完整性、受教育费用等方面城乡义务教育之间还存在较大的隐性差距。要有效推动义务教育的均衡发展,关键不在于消除城乡差异,而应在接受差异的前提下促进城乡义务教育各有特色地发展。对此,要树立科学的城乡教育价值观念,制定更合理的城乡义务教育发展政策,同时要由点到面,稳步推进。

Implementation of the balanced development of education policy has achieved remarkable success in compulsory education in China.However,there are still differences in the city and countryside in terms of school infrastructure,quality of teachers,family education spending,class size,home-to-school distance,and extracurricular activities.Moreover,there are also some hidden differences,such as access to education,integrity and education expenses.So,to effectively promote the balanced development of compulsory education,the key is not to eliminate the rural-urban differences,but to promote the unique development.