组合捕收剂在锂辉石浮选中协同作用的研究

Study of Synergistic Effect of Combined Collectors in the Flotation of Spodumene

研究了新型捕收剂HZ-1在锂辉石浮选中的捕收性能,并对比了传统的锂辉石捕收剂733(氧化石蜡皂)和环烷酸皂的捕收性能。单一捕收剂试验结果显示新型捕收剂HZ-1选择性较好,使用HZ-1能获得Li2O品位4%的锂辉石粗精矿。组合捕收剂试验结果表明组合捕收剂(733、HZ-1、环烷酸皂两两复配)较各单一捕收剂具有更好的捕收能力和更好的选择性。其中HZ-1和环烷酸皂的协同作用最强,733能显著提升HZ-1的捕收能力。闭路试验结果表明,采用HZ-1:733=1:2的组合捕收剂能得到Li2O品位5.60%、回收率81.80%的锂辉石精矿。表面张力测定结果表明油酸钠(捕收剂733中起主要捕收作用的物质)较HZ-1能更加显著降低水的表面张力,但是CMC值(临界胶束浓度)则较HZ-1高,说明油酸钠的表面活性较强,但是效率较低。HZ-1的酰胺基团能特性吸附锂辉石矿物,吸附量试验表明在较低浓度时,HZ-1能更好的吸附在锂辉石表面,表现出较好的选择性。

In this paper,collecting performance of a novel collector HZ-1 for spodumene was studied and was compared with that of the traditional spodumene collector 733（oxyparaffin soap） and naphthenic soap. Flotation tests with single collector show that HZ-1 has a better selectivity for spodumene than oxyparaffin soap and naphthenic soap, and a rough concentrate with Li2 O grade of 4% was obtained with HZ-1 as the collector. However, flotation experiments with combined collectors（pairwise mixture of 733,HZ-1 and naphthenic soap） present a better collecting ability and selectivity for spodumene than single collector, among which mixture of HZ-1 and naphthenic soap suggests the strongest synergistic effect.Through closed circuit flotation test with the combined collectors of HZ-1 and 733（1： 2）, spodumene concentrate with the Li2 O grade of 5.60% and recovery of 81.80% can be gained. Surface tension test shows that sodium oleate（the major function substance in 733） can largely decrease the surface tension of water and has a higher CMC（critical micelle concentration） than HZ-1, which indicates higher surface activity and lower efficiency of HZ-1 than that of 733. During the adsorption experiments, as the amide group of HZ-1 can specifically adsorb on the surface of spodumene particles, HZ-1 suggests a strong adsorption capacity and selectivity for spodumene under low concentration.