探视走廊在新生儿重症监护病房中的应用及效果评价

The application and evaluation of visitation corridor in the NICU

目的探讨利用探视走廊开展新生儿重症监护室(NICU)家属探视的效果。方法利用探视走廊对NICU患儿家属进行探视。采用问卷调查的方法应用Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和自行设计的家长满意度调查表分析探视前后家属心理变化及其满意程度;采用前瞻性目标检测的方法分析NICU医院感染情况。结果入院24h内两组患儿母亲都有不同程度的焦虑;第1、第2次探视后实验组患儿母亲焦虑心理明显减轻,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义。实验组母亲对医护工作满意度100%,其中很满意达到97.50%,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3年连续性检测中NICU共出院4 396例患儿,其中85人、89例次发生医院感染,感染发病率为1.93%,例次发病率2.02%。感染发生部位中下呼吸道最高,占26.97%;其次为胃肠道(24.72%)和败菌血症(24.72%);上呼吸道发病率最低(3.37%)。结论探视走廊探视能有效地减轻患儿家属心理压力、提高其满意度、降低医院感染发生率。

Objective To explore the effect of visitation corridor in family visits in NICU .Methods Visitation corridor was used by family members when visiting their children ,Zung self‐rating anxiety scale and self‐designed satisfaction survery were used to measure family memebers＆#39;sychological status and satisfaction before and after the nursing intervention ,Prospective tar‐get detection was used to analyze NICU hospital infection .Results Mothers in the control group and the experimental group both showed different levels of anxiety within their children＇s 24 hours of admission;mothers in the experimental group reduced their anxiety significantly and showed significant statistical difference compared with control group .after the first and second visits .The medical work satisfaction in the experimental group accounted for 100% ,with the level of “very satisfied” was 97.5% ,similarly ,the two groups showed statistical difference（P〈0.01） .4396 children discharged from NICU during 3 years of continuous detection ,with 85 children and 89 cases got nosocomial infection ,the infection rate was 1.93% ,the rate of infec‐tion cases was 2.02% ,the infection of lower respiratory tract accounted for the highest in all parts（26.97% ） ,followed by gas‐trointestinal tract （24.72% ） and septicemia （24.72% ） ,while upper respiratory tract accounted for the lowest infection （3.37% ） .Conclusion The visitation corridor can effectively alleviate family membes＇psychological pressure ,improve their sat‐isfaction and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections .