从“他者”到“自我”:中国武术发展中不可或缺的主体意识

From the“Other”to“Self”:The Essential Subject Consciousness in the Development of Chinese Wushu

针对中国武术在过去的一个世纪,为了能与"国际接轨",越来越西化,越来越丢失"民族性"的标志而趋向"他者化"的问题,在文献资料法、逻辑分析法的基础上,运用后殖民理论中关于"他者"与"自我"的思想对此进行了分析.文章认为:完全站在迎合西方人对民族体育欣赏口味的立场上来展示武术,分明就是一种文化上的"他者化",这是应该加以警惕的;武术的发展其主体意识不可丢失,当下及未来的武术国际化传播与国内的发展改革还须重新围绕"民族特色"这个关键点来展开,即从"他者"走向"自我"的回归.中国武术与西方体育之间应该是一种自我与他者的关系,自我与他者不是一个征服与对抗的关系,而是一个主体与主体、相互借鉴塑造的关系.

During the past century, in order to be geared to international standards, Chinese Wushu is becoming more and more westernized, it loses the symbol of ＂nationality＂, but tends to ＂othering＂. Using the methods of literature and logical analysis, this paper analyzes this problem by the tt^ought of ＂other＂ and ＂self＂.＂ in the postcolonial theory. The paper considers that it should vigilant that displaying Wushu completely standing on the position of westerners＇ appreciates to the national sports, which clearly is a culture of ＂othering＂. The development of Wushu cannot lose its subject consciousness, the current and future Wushu international communication and domestic reform should focus on the ＂national characteristics＂, that is, the returning from ＂other＂ to ＂self＂. Chinese Wushu and the west PE should be a relationship of self and other, other and self is not a conquest or confrontation relation, but the relationship of subject and subject, learning from each other.