黎元洪与辛亥首义伤亡军士的抚恤问题研究

Probe into Hubei Governor LIYuanhong's Caring Measures for the Wounded and Martyred Soldiers in the Revolution of 1911

黎元洪督鄂期间对辛亥首义伤亡军士进行了优恤:设立毕血会,抚恤辛亥首义伤亡军士;开办铁血伤军济养院,优恤辛亥首义伤军;支持开办烈士遗孤教养所。离鄂后,黎元洪仍然关照首义伤军:帮助伤军争取恤金,为之筹划谋生之策。从抚恤辛亥首义伤亡军士的情形可以看出,民初黎元洪的政治处境可谓亦曾风光亦尴尬。而引起尴尬的关键症结之一,就是辛亥首义在民初政坛尤其是北方政坛的影响力逐渐衰减,黎元洪所拥有的辛亥首义政治资源遭到削减。

During the governance of Hubei Province, Li Yuanhong paid pensions to casualties soldiers during Xin Hai Revolution of1911. Firstly, he paid pensions to casualties soldiers during Xin Hai Revolution through Bixue Association he established.Secondly, he preferentially treated the wounded soldiers during Xin Hai Revolution through Tiexue Soldiers' Rest-home he built.Thirdly, he supported the launching of orphan penitentiary of martyrs. After leaving Hubei Province, Li Yuanhong still cared for the wounded soldiers during Xin Hai Revolution, including helping the wounded soldiers to get pension and provide them survival advice. However, when we review Li's actions for wounded soldiers during Xin Hai Revolution, we find that at the early stage of The Republic of China Li's political situation was contradictory: he had a good but embarrassing reputation. One of the key reasons to cause the embarrassment is that the influence of Xin Hai Revolution gradually decline in national public politics especially in north China politics at the early stage of The Republic of China, which diminished his political resources.