龙岩市区道路扬尘中典型多环芳烃的同步荧光测定及其来源分析

Determination of Typical PAHs in Raised Dust from Urban Roads of Longyan City by Synchronous Fluorescence Spectrometry and an Analysis on Its Origins

城市道路灰尘中的多环芳烃在一定程度上可反映邻近区域多环芳烃的排放情况。建立超声波萃取一匿波长同步荧光法同时测定道路扬尘中多环芳烃．方法的检出限在0．088-0．655ng／mL之间，相关系数r〉0．9990，回收率为86．45％-104．45％。测定了龙岩市不同功能区道路中5种多环芳烃的含量，总质量浓度为94．81～327．59ng／m3，其分布表明，人13密集、工业活动及交通要遘等功能区道路灰尘中多环芳烃含量高源解析结果显示，采样点道路灰尘中多环芳烃主要来源于附近的石油机动车尾气和有机物质燃烧。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） have been concerned because of their toxicity, bioaccumulation, and semi-volatile, and persistence in the environment. PAHs in raised dust from urban roads can reflect the emissions of PAHs in the adjacent areas to some extent. A method for the determination of PAHs in street dust was developed by constant-wavelength synchronous fluorescence spectrometry with ultrasonic extraction. The calibration curves for PAHs were linear in three orders of magnitude with an average correlation coefficient of 0.9990. The detection limits ranged from 0.088 to 0.655 nanogramme per unit volume of extract liquor in millilitre and the average recoveries ranged from 86.45% to 104.45%. The total mass concentration of five PAHs species in road raised dust in the ambient air at different functional areas of Longyan City has been determined to be 94.81--327.59 ng/m3. The distribution indicated that higher PAHs contents were found at populous areas with busy industrial and traffic activities. The source apportionment indicated that PAHs in the road dust were mainly from emissions of petrol fuelled vehicle exhaust and combustion of organic materials nearby.