芜湖市郊菜地土壤Cu、Zn、Hg和Pb的空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Cu,Zn,Hg and Pb Contents in Vegetable Field Soils of Suburb Wuhu City

摘要为揭示市郊菜地土壤重金属污染状况，以便为污染控制和治理提供参考，进行了市郊菜地土壤重金属的相关研究。选择芜湖市郊三山区菜地为研究对象。利用空间分析和地统计分析技术对土壤重金属Cu，Zn、Hg和Pb的空间结构及空间变异性进行研究。结果显示。三山区土壤重金属的总体含量为Cu26．46mg／kg．Zn90．74mg／kg，Hg0．08mg／kg、Pb42．82mg／kg；三山区菜地土壤中4种重金属元素空间变异程度由大到小依次为Pb〉Zn〉Cu〉Hg；4种重金属元素均在一定范围内存在空间相关性，空间相关距离由大到小依次为Hg〉Zn〉Pb〉Cu。重金属的空间分布数据表明。三山区西南部与东北部菜地污染相对较重；其中Hg在空间分布上受土壤内在属性影响较大，受外在因素影响较小，而Zn,Pb和Cu还受到工业生产。交通污染．农药及肥料施用等人为因素的影响。

In order to reveal the situation of heavy metals pollution and provide scientific basis for its control, the spatial and geo-statistic analysis were conducted to explore the spatial variability of contents of heavy metals including Cu, Zn, Hg and Pb in vegetable field soils of Sanshan District in suburb of Wuhu City, Anhui Province. The results showed that the average contents of Cu, Zn, Hg and Pb in soils were 26.46, 90.74, 0.08 and 42.82 mg/kg, respectively. The heavy metals could be ranked in descending order by spatial variation degree as Pb, Zn, Cu and Hg. There was spatial relevance among those heavy metals in certain scope and the space correlation could be listed in descending order as Hg, Zn, Pb and Cu. The spatial distributions presented that heavy metals have caused more serious pollution in southwest and northeast areas of the vegetable fields rather than elsewhere. The spatial distribution of Hg was mainly attributed to soil parent materials, whereas those of Zn, Pb and Cu were further related to anthropogenic influences such as industrial and traffic activities, pesticide and fertiliser applications, and etc.