弹性箍弹起最大高度的研究

Study of the maximum height of elastic hoops' jump

从理论和实验两方面探究了一种常见的弹性体——"弹性箍"被压缩在硬质表面上瞬时释放后的弹起高度与相关参量的关系.实验表明,对于用同一种材料制成的弹性箍,在一定范围内,弹起高度随箍半径的增大而减小,随箍厚度的增大而增大,随被压缩量的增大而增大,与实验环境中的空气阻力系数有关,而与箍的宽度无关;实验还表明不同的硬质底面对弹性箍弹起的高度几乎没有影响.理论与实验的对比分析表明,"弹性箍"弹跳中最核心的物理本质是弹性势能向动能的转化.实验结果与理论分析吻合很好.实验的巧妙设计还提供了一种探究此类弹性体的方法.

Theoretical and experimental research on a usual kind of elastomer is presented,i. e.,elastic hoops are compressed on a hard surface. The relationship between the related parameters and the height the elastic hoops can reach when they are suddenly released. Our experiments show that for elastic hoops that are made of the same material,the maximum height of the hoop decreases as the radius of the hoop increases; the height increases as the thickness of the hoop increases; the height increases as the compression rate increases. The height is related to the air resistance in the experimentation environment,but has no relation to the width of the hoops. Our experiments also show that the height the elastic hoops can reach has no relation to the type of the hard surface they are compressed to. The comparison of our theoretical analysis with experiment results has shown that the fundamental physical nature of the elastic hoops＇ jump is the transformation of elastic potential energy to kinetic energy. Our experiment results match closely with theoretical analysis. The smart design of the experiments also illustrates a viable approach to explore such kind of elastomers.