含铁催化剂催化苯直接羟基化制备苯酚的研究进展

Progress of direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol using iron-containing catalyst

催化苯直接羟基化是开发绿色苯酚生产新技术的高原子经济性的挑战性课题,但该工艺存在芳香C—H键难活化、产物酚的选择性较低等问题,其中高效催化剂的研制是核心问题之一。根据含铁催化剂独特的化学结构和催化性能,本文从配合物均相催化剂、仿生催化剂、负载型非均相催化剂等方面综述了含铁催化剂催化苯直接羟基化制备苯酚的研究进展,并着重介绍了Fenton体系和仿生催化体系的反应机理。分析表明,以氧化物及天然矿物作为载体的含铁催化剂合成简单,活性高,有较大的研究及工业开发价值。此外,研究催化机理对设计合成高效苯羟基化的催化剂具有指导意义。

Direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol is one of the most challenging topics to explore new technology of synthesizing phenol,which is of high atom economy and still being developed. However,inert C—H bond and low selectivity of phenol hinder the development of direct hydroxylation. The key technology lies in the design and preparation of efficient catalyst. Iron-containing catalysts have drawn considerable attention for hydroxylation of benzene to phenol due to its unique structural and catalytic properties. Application of iron-containing complexes,biomimetic catalysts and supported catalysts in direct hydroxylation of benzene are reviewed in this paper. Furthermore,the Fenton mechanism and the biomimetic catalysis mechanism are discussed. The oxide and mineral supported iron catalysts which are easily synthesized with high catalytic activity show great potential in industrial application. The study on catalytic mechanism can guide the design and synthesis of efficient catalysts for direct hydroxylation of benzene.