“解释论”语境下担保物权实现的非讼程序——兼评《民事诉讼法》第196条、第197条

Realizing Real Right for Security's Noncontentious Proceedings in the Context of Interpretative Theory

2012年修订的《民事诉讼法》确立了"实现担保物权案件"的非讼程序,由于立法简略,实践中各地法院操作混乱,亟需从解释论上予以回应。在解释论上,该程序应以形式审查为原则。同时,在审查中应当保障担保人、债务人的陈述权。经该程序作出的许可拍卖、变卖裁定在性质上为"对物之执行名义",法院只能对该裁定指向的特定担保财产进行拍卖、变卖。在非讼审查过程中,如就担保物权的有效成立、担保物权实现的条件等实体问题出现争议时,由争议主体向有管辖权法院提起诉讼予以解决。

Civil Procedure Law （2012） established realizing real right for security＇s noncontentious proceedings. On the interpretative theory, the program should be in the form of the principle of review. Meanwhile, in this procedure, we should protect the guarantor, the debtor～ illustrating right. Permitting the implementation of the auction ruling is enforcement basis for objects. If essential issues yielded, they should be resolved through litigation procedure.