试析作为理论分析工具的现代逻辑

A Survey on the Theoretical Analysis Tool: Modern Logic

一阶逻辑通过形式刻画揭示语言内含的认知信息以分析刻画推理的演绎必然性,模态逻辑注重分析刻画与概念实质内容相关的内涵特征,扩展的动态模态逻辑则使主体间认知互动过程中交流信息的分析刻画成为可能。探讨现代逻辑由一阶逻辑、模态逻辑到扩展模态逻辑的理论进程,分析说明其形式刻画和推理认知表达功能如何使之具有理论模型构建与理论模型结构可靠性分析等多元理论价值,将有助于厘清语言、理论与认知的关联,有助于理解认知能动性与理论客观性之间的关系,启发我们思考如何推动哲学理论研究的进步以适应科学技术与理论高速发展的时代需求。

First-order Logic focuses on analyzing and characterizing form structures of the epistemic information in deductive reasoning, while Modal Logic focuses on expressing and characterizing connotation characteristics of a concept's essential contents. Moreover, Extended Modal Logic makes it possible to analyze and characterize the dynamic information in the cognitive process between interactive agents. We explore the theory development of modern logic from First-order Logic to Modal Logic to Extended Modal Logic, and analyze its powerful language description and epistemic expression powers which make modern logic an indispensable theoretical analysis tool for many disciplines and fields.This paper may help us to clarify the relationship between language, theory and cognition, comprehend the relationship between cognitive activity and theoretical objectivity, and inspire us to think about how to promote the progress of philosophical theory in order to adapt the rapid demands of theory development in science and technology.