辐射花粉授粉技术诱导黄瓜单倍体

Induction of haploid cucumbers by irradiated pollen pollination

辐射花粉授粉是获得单倍体的有效途径。本研究旨在探讨该途径中影响单倍体再生率的关键因素。本试验利用60Coγ对不同黄瓜材料进行不同剂量的辐射处理,系统研究了辐射剂量、花粉供体基因型、母本基因型对诱导黄瓜单倍体植株再生率的影响。结果表明：3个花粉供体基因型（5211、CC3、南抗一号）花粉经150 Gy辐射处理后,花粉供体基因型5211诱导的植株再生率、单倍体再生率均高于花粉供体基因型CC3和南抗一号。花粉供体在辐射剂量150 Gy辐射处理下较250 Gy及350 Gy更有利于诱导植株再生,再生率最高可达3.92%,单倍体再生率为1.96%。10个母本基因型中6个母本基因型没有诱导出再生植株,占母本基因型总量的60%;4个母本基因型诱导出再生植株,占母本基因型总量的40%,单倍体诱导率为0.26-0.54。

Irradiated pollen pollination combining embryo rescue is one of the effective ways to induce haploid and double haploid（ DH）. To figure out the factors affecting haploid induction,20 different cucumber genotypes were used as maternal parents,and 3 different cucumber genotypes employed as the paternal parents were irradiated with 3 dosages（ 150 Gy,250 Gy,350 Gy） of 60Coγ. The results that the plant regeneration rate in 150 Gy treatment was higher than those in250 Gy and 300 Gy treatments. The pollen donar 5211 in 150 Gy treatment showed the highest plant regeneration rate of3. 92% and haploid regeneration rate of 1. 96%. Six maternal genotypes accounting for 60% of all maternal genotypes failed to induce plantlets,and other four genotypes regenerated plantlets,with haploid induction rate ranging from 0. 26 to0. 54.