渔洞水库大型无脊椎动物群落结构及其与环境关系的初步调查

The preliminary survey on macroinvertebrate community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in Yudong Reservoir

于2009年12月、2010年3月、6月和9月共4次对渔洞水库的大型无脊椎动物进行了调查,共采集到动物19个分类单元,隶属于3门3纲5科16属。其中,寡毛类、水生昆虫及软体动物等主要类群分别记录6种(占总物种数的31.6%)、12种(63.2%)和1种(5.3%)。大型无脊椎动物密度优势类群主要为霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparède)、前突摇蚊(Procladius sp.)和长跗摇蚊(Tanytarsus sp.)。渔洞水库的大型无脊椎动物在冬春季的现存量较夏秋季高,库湾的多样性高于主体库区。多余度分析(RDA)显示,水深和溶氧是影响渔洞水库无脊椎动物群落分布的关键环境因子。4次调查中寡毛类密度均未超过1 000 ind./m2,水质属轻度污染。

In December 2009,and March,June and September 2010,benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages were investigated in Yudong Reservoir,located in Zhaotong City,Yunnan Province. A total of 19 taxa were identified,belonging to 3 phyla,3 classes,5 families and 16 genus. Among them 6 were Oligochaeta,12 were aquatic insects and 1 was mollusks. The Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri,Procladiussp. and Tanytarsus sp. were the dominant groups in abundance. The density and biomass of macroinvertebrate in winter and spring were higher than that in summer and autumn. The biodiversity in bay of reservoir were higher than that in main body. Redundancy analysis（ RDA） was used to explore the importance of environmental factors in influencing macroinvertebrate community structure. The result showed water depth and dissolved oxygen were the significant predictors of the community variance. The density of Oligochaetes did not exceed 1000 ind. / m2 in our surveys,which showed the water may be slightly polluted.