内镜黏膜下剥离术中黏膜下注射用肾上腺素生理盐水浓度的初步研究

Effects of epinephrine-saline submucosal injection of different concentrations on endoscopic submuco-sal dissection

目的：评价内镜黏膜下剥离术（ESD）术中黏膜下注射肾上腺素生理盐水的安全性和有效性，并探讨其最佳浓度。方法128例上消化道疾病患者按入组先后顺序采用数字表法随机均分成4组，A 组使用生理盐水作为黏膜下注射液，B 组、C 组和 D 组则分别使用浓度为0．001％、0．002％和0．004％的肾上腺素生理盐水。记录各组 ESD 手术完成情况、患者血压及心率变化情况、并发症发生情况、黏膜下注射液用量、手术时间，并行组间或组内对比分析。结果各组均能顺利完成手术，组内术前与术中比较最高血压及最快心率差异均无统计学意义（P ＞0．05），无一例出现穿孔及术中急性大量出血。术中急性少量出血发生率，A 组（28．1％，9／32）明显高于 B 组（9．4％，3／32）、C 组（6．3％，2／32）和D 组（6．3％，2／32），差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05），而 B 组、C 组、D 组间差异均无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。各组间术后迟发性出血发生率比较差异均无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。黏膜下注射液用量，A 组为（39．5±10．8）ml，明显高于 B 组的（29．4±9．4）ml、C 组的（27．3±8．2）ml 和 D 组的（20．4±11．8）ml，差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05），而 B 组、C 组、D 组间差异均无统计学意义（P ＞0．05），但 D 组较 B 组有减少趋势。手术时间，A 组为（82．3±24．78）min，明显长于 B 组的（60．7±25．35）min、C 组的（54．7± 31．72）min 和 D 组的（59．2±28．49）min，差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05），而 B 组、C 组、D 组间差异均无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。结论ESD 术中黏膜下注射肾上腺素生理盐水安全有效，可减少注射液用量，缩短手术时间，减少术中出血的发生，但增加肾上腺素浓度未能发现明显优势。

Objective To evalute and compare the efficacy and safety of epinephrine-saline submu-cosal injection of different concentrations on endoscopic submucosal dissection （ESD）,and to discuss the best concentration of submucosal injection.Methods A total of 128 patients who underwent ESD were ran-domly assigned to submucosal normal saline injection group （group A,n =32）,0.001% epinephrine-saline injection group （group B,n =32）,0.002% epinephrine-saline injection group （group C,n =32）,and 0.004% epinephrine-saline injection group （group D,n =32）.The incidence of bleeding during and after ESD were counted,the blood preasure and heart rate of preoperative and intraoperative,the amount of sub-mucosal injection,the time of operation were observed.Results ESD was successfully performed on all pa-tients.There were no difference in highest blood preasure and fastest heart rate between preoperative and in-traoperative results of each group.No perforation or intraoperative acute massive bleeding occurred.Intraop-erative acute minimal bleeding during ESD occurred in 9 patients in group A and 3 in group B,2 in group C and 2 in group D （P〈0.05）,but there were no differences among group B,C and D.The amount of submu-cosal injection of group A was（39.5 ±10.8）ml,which was more than that of group B（29.4 ±9.4）ml,group C（27.3 ±8.2）ml and group D（20.4 ±11.8）ml with significant difference.There were no differences a-mong group B,C and D,but there was less in group D than group B.The operation time of group A was（82.3 ±24.78 minutes）,which was longer than that of group B （60.7 ±25.35minutes）,group C （54.7 ± 31.72minutes）and group D（59.2 ±28.49 minutes）,but there was no difference among B,C and D group. Conclusion Epinephrine-saline submucosal injection assiting ESD is safe and effective and reduces the op-eration time and bleeding than normal saline.The increase of the epinephrine-saline concentrations has not been found to be more beneficial.