岩石流变学原理在构造成矿研究中的应用——以BIF型富铁矿床为例

Application of Lithospheric Rheology in Structural Metallogenesis:Taking BIF-type Iron-rich Ore Deposits as an Example

根据岩石流变学的基本原理与研究进展及在成矿学中的应用,初步讨论了构造成矿与岩石流变在研究内容、研究目标等方面的一致性问题,并以世界上变质条带状铁建造(BIF)型富铁矿床为例,综合分析了构造变形和岩石流变在该类矿床形成过程中的地位与作用。由于岩石流变行为存在差异,褶皱变形及伴随的韧性剪切和高温塑性流动是高品位BIF型富铁矿床形成的关键。文章指出,深入开展特色和重要矿床的构造物理化学研究将是实现成矿学与岩石流变学有机结合的重要方向,并有可能为创新成矿地质理论、发现一批大型、超大型矿床提供重要依据。

Based on the basic theory and recent progresses of rock rheology, this paper addresses the critical role of rock rheological properties in the structural metallogenesis. The worldwide, metamorphic banded iron formation-type （BIF） iron-ore deposits are referred as example to delineate and evaluate the influences of structural deformation and rock rheological properties on the formation of this type of ore deposit. It is concluded that due to rheological differentiation, folding induced by ductile shearing and high-temperature plastic flow played a particularly key role in the formation of the high-grade, BIF-type Fe-rich ore deposits. Therefore, we propose that a combination between structural metallogenesis and rock rheology may be of help to our understanding of the tectono-physicochemical characteristics of large to super-large ore deposits.