小汤山地区0-3岁儿童喂养情况及母亲孕期贫血情况与贫血的关系

Relationship among 0 to 3 years old children's feeding, maternal health and anemia, Xiaotangshan, Beijing

目的了解北京市小汤山地区儿童贫血分布情况,并指出合理化预防措施。方法采用日本产西斯美康xs-800i全血细胞分析仪,检测0-3岁儿童末梢血的血红蛋白含量。结果 2013年儿保门诊0~3岁儿童体检人数为1334人,其中贫血患儿为176名,贫血的发病率是13.19%。其中,本地儿童616人,贫血发病率是9.42%;流动儿童718人,贫血发病率是16.43%,二者间有统计学差异（P〈0.01）;男性儿童贫血发病率为13.02%,女性贫血发病率13.46%,二者间无统计学差异（P〉0.01）;6个月-1岁儿童贫血发病率为35.79%,1-2岁为4.48%,2-3岁为2.61%,三组间有统计学差异（P〈0.01）,纯母乳喂养儿童贫血人数为47人,贫血的发病率是6.15%,混合喂养儿童贫血人数为29人,贫血的发病率是8.19%,人工喂养喂养儿童贫血人数为100人,贫血的发病率是46.30%,三者差异存在统计学意义（P〈0.01）;母孕期贫血儿童贫血人数为97人,贫血的发病率是18.29%,母孕期无贫血儿童贫血人数为79人,贫血的发病率是10.75%,三者差异存在统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论本地区0~3岁儿童贫血患病比6个月-1岁儿童显著增高,流动儿童比本市儿童贫血患病率显著增高,此外母孕期贫血及婴儿喂养方式的不同也是影响儿童贫血的原因,加强流动儿童管理,正确指导6个月后婴儿家长的喂养方法及加强预产妇孕期营养指导应成为今后工作的重点。

Objective To investigate the distribution of children’s anemia in Xiaotangshan, and to point out the rational prevention measures. Methods To detect the blood hemoglobin of children who were from 0 to 3 years old across the Japanese production of Sysmex XS- 800 i blood cell analyzer. Results The case rate of the children with anemia in the local children were 9. 42%,and while those of the migrant children were 16. 43%. The case rate of children with anemia who were in 6 months to 1 year old were 35. 79%,the children in 1 to 2 years old were 4. 48%,and the children with anemia in 2 to 3 years old were 2. 61%.The case rate of the children with anemia whose mothers were anemia were 18. 29%, and the rate of the other children in this investigation were 10. 75%. The case rate of children kept by breast milk with anemia were 6. 15%,while those of the children kept by milk and mixed milk with breast milk and milk were 8. 19% and 46. 30%. These differences were of statistical significance.Conclusions We should strengthen the management of migrant children, and guide the mothers to keep care of their babies with the correct method.