实验动物小鼠及西藏小型猪和猴的甲型流感病毒受体分布特征

Distribution of influenza virus sialic acid receptors in BALB/c mouse,Tibet pig and monkey

目的分析小鼠、西藏小型猪和猴的流感病毒sialic acid(SA)α-2,3-Gal[α-2,3-半乳糖唾液酸]受体和SAα-2,6-Gal受体在不同器官、组织分布特征,为流感病毒的组织嗜性及可能的跨种属传播提供基础数据。方法应用外源凝集素亲和组织化学染色法分析上述实验动物的流感病毒SAα-2,3-Gal受体和SAα-2,6-Gal受体的分布特点及特异性。结果除脑和心脏外,气管与支气管、肺脏、肾脏、脾脏、肝脏、小肠都有SAα-2,3-Gal和SAα-2,6-Gal受体分布,其中小鼠的SA-2,3-Gal受体主要分布在气管纤毛上皮细胞和基底细胞,SAα-2,6-Gal受体在气管纤毛上皮细胞有弥漫性表达;在肺实质,SAα-2,3-Gal受体弥漫性存在于肺泡。西藏小型猪的SAα-2,6-Gal受体主要分布在气管和支气管内上皮细胞的假复层纤毛上皮细胞,肺脏中,SAα-2,6-Gal主要分布在上皮细胞中而SAα-2,3-Gal主要分布在内皮细胞中,在肺泡内层SAα-2,6-Gal和SAα-2,3-Gal受体表达相似;猴的气管和支气管中,SA-2,3-Gal受体主要分布在气管无纤毛上皮细胞(主要是基底细胞),以及支气管部分纤毛和无纤毛上皮细胞;SAα-2,6-Gal受体在气管支气管纤毛细胞和无纤毛上皮细胞有弥漫性表达,且2种受体在肺细胞中均有分布。结论流感病毒SAα-2,3-Gal受体和SAα-2,6-Gal受体在不同器官中均有不同程度分布,其中主要分布在气管与支气管、肺脏等上、下呼吸道。

Objective To study the distribution of influenza virus sialic acid receptors in BALB/c mouse, Tibet pig and monkey. Methods Lectin histochemistry was used to detect the expression of influenza virus sialic acid receptors in different tissues and organs. Results Except the brain and heart, the expression of sialic acid receptors was detected in trachea, lung, kidney, spleen, liver and intestine. In mouse, the trachea showed focal positive in ciliated epithelial cells and basal cells for SA α-2, 3-Gal receptors; whereas, SA α-2, 6-Gal receptors were diffusely expressed on ciliated cells. In the pulmonary parenchyma, SA α-2, 3-Oal receptors were diffusely expressed on pulmonary alveoli. In Tibet pig, the relative abundance of SA α-2, 6-Gal receptor along large airways continued downward to the cuboidal epithelia of bronchioles; whereas only sparse expression of SA α-2, 3-Gal was detected in the same area. Additionally, the expression of SA α-2, 3-Gal re- ceptor towards the lower respiratory lining showed relatively increasing, such that in the alveolar lining both SA α-2, 6-Gal and SA a-2, 3-Gal receptors were similarly expressed and with a kind of co-focalization. In monkey, SA α-2, 3-Gal receptors mainly express in non-eiliated epithelial cells and basal cells, SA α-2, 6-Gal receptors was diffusely expressed in both eiliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells. Conclusions The SA α-2, 3-Gal and SA α-2, 6 Gal receptors of influenza virus were expressed in different organs, mainly distributed in the upper and lower respiratory tract, e. g. trachea, bronchus and lung in experimental mouse, Tibet pig and monkey.