学校体育改革中身体运动的弱化

On the weakening of body movement during school physical education reform

以1995年我国学生体质监测各项指标出现全面下滑为节点,对这一时期学校体育思想以及体育课程改革进行分析,认为改革呈现出身体运动弱化的趋势。主要表现在:我国学校体育思想从单维向多维转变中,体育功能的泛化模糊了强身健体的本质功能;1992年义务教育阶段体育教学大纲颁布实施10年间经济迅猛发展,生活方式巨变,大纲落后于社会的发展,出现身体运动相对弱化;1997年高中阶段体育教学大纲减少了实践部分课时,降低了身体素质与运动能力在考核中的比重;课程标准在破旧立新的过程中,理论上尚未健全以身体运动为基础的新体系,体育教师课程意识与能力的欠缺弱化了体育教学实践身体运动的有效性。建议应充分重视体育课程身体运动弱化的倾向,以改善运动不足对学生体质健康的影响。

Starting with the overall deterioration of various Chinese student fitness monitoring indexes in 1995, the authorsanalyzed school physical education ideology and physical education curriculum reform in this period, concludedthat there was a tendency of weakening of body movement during reform, which was mainly shown in the followings：in the enrichment of school physical education ideology from single directional to multiple directional, the generalizationof sports functions had blurred the essential function of sports – to make the body stronger and healthier; over thedecade since physical education teaching syllabus for the compulsive education stage was issued and implemented in1992, China’s economy developed rapidly, people’s life styles changed tremendously, the syllabus fell behind socialdevelopment, which showed the relative weakening of body movement; in 1997, physical education teaching syllabusreduced class hours for the practical part, and lowered the proportions of body quality and movement ability in examinations,thus weakening body movement; in the process of remodeling of curriculum standards, theoretically a newsystem based on body movement had not been completed yet, physical education teachers’ lack of curriculum awarenessand ability had weakened the effectiveness of body movement in physical education teaching practice. The authorsproposed to pay full attention to the tendency of weakening of body movement in the physical education curriculum, soas to reduce the effect of movement insufficiency on students’ physical health.