国内含植物水流中泥沙问题研究进展

Advances in Research on Sediment Issues of Flows with Vegetation in China

将含植物水流中泥沙问题的研究归纳为沙棘植物"柔性坝"、河湖湿地植物和海岸盐沼植物3类,回顾了国内含植物水流中泥沙问题研究的主要成果。沙棘植物"柔性坝"的泥沙问题研究针对挺水植物对推移质泥沙运动的影响,来源于工程实践,拦沙固土效果较好,但缺少系统的理论研究。河湖湿地植物的泥沙问题研究内容丰富,成果较多,固沙机理主要有:改变水动力结构,降低水流能量,促使泥沙淤积;稳定床面,防止泥沙再悬浮;植物的茎叶对细颗粒泥沙的吸附。海岸盐沼植物泥沙问题的研究主要针对非恒定流条件下,潮流、波浪、风对悬浮泥沙的影响。

Researches on sediment issues of flows with vegetation were summarized as seabuckthorn plants flexible dam,river lake wetland plants and coastal saltmarsh plants. A review of the main achievements of those researches was given. Researches on sediment issues of sea-buckthorn plants flexible dam focused on the influence of emerged plants on bed load sediment. Such researches were mainly based on con-struction practice,and they were short of theoretical study. Researches on sediment issues of river lake wetland plants have substantial con-tents,lots of achievements are gained,and sand-binding mechanisms of the river lake wetland plants include:changing the hydrodynamic structure and reducing the water flow energy,so that the sediment is easy to deposit;stabilizing the riverbed surface and preventing re-sus-pension of sediment;adsorption of plants stems and leafs on fine sediment. Researches on sediment issues of coastal saltmarsh plants are more concerned with the influence of tidal current,wave and wind on suspended sediment under the condition of unsteady flow.