基于并行SOM和自适应禁忌优化算法的负载均衡分簇路由设计

Design of Clustering Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks with Load Balance Based on Parallel SOM and Adaptive Tabu Optimal Algorithm

为了克服传统分簇路由协议中无法有效缓解"热区"和数据传输可靠性不高的问题,设计一种基于并行SOM和自适应禁忌优化算法的负载均衡路由协议。首先,将整个网络区域分为若干子区域,在每个子区域中自适应的根据节点与基站的距离确定分簇数目,采用并行SOM并行对网络区域进行分簇,同时根据能量和位置因素选举簇头;然后,以最小化各簇头到基站的最小跳数为目标,采用改进的禁忌优化算法来寻找各簇头到达基站的最优解和次优解,构成多条冗余路由,以增强数据传输的可靠性,最后,对基于改进禁忌优化算法的最小跳数路由协议进行了设计和描述。仿真实验表明:文中方法能有效地提高网络生命周期和提高数据传输的可靠性,具有很好的负载均衡能力,是一种适用于WSN的有效分簇路由算法。

In order to conquer the traditional clustering routing protocol having the problems such ashotpot and low efficient data transportation, a clustering routing protocol based on parallel SOM andadaptive tabu optimal algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the network is divided into several areas, and thenumber of clusters is decided by the distance with the sink node, using the parallel SOM to form theclusters, and the cluster head is selected by the energy and positions factors, then the minimal distancebetween every cluster head to the sink node is used as the goal, and the improved tabu optimal algorithmis used to construct the optimal solution and second- optimal solution to obtain multi- routing andimprove the data transporting feasibility. Finally, the algorithm for the minimal routing based onimproved tabu is designed and described. The simulation experiment shows the method in this paper hasthe longer network life circle, and compared with the other methods, it has good load balance ability,therefore, it is an effective routing algorithm suiting WSN.