茶树遗传育种研究进展

Advances in Tea Plant Genetics and Breeding

本文从茶树育种材料创新、育种鉴定技术发展、育种目标变化、育种程序的改进、育种成果以及良种繁育与推广体系等方面综述了茶树遗传育种领域的研究进展,为进一步深入开展茶树遗传育种研究提供参考。茶树育种材料创新的手段仍然以杂交为主,理化诱变的应用日趋广泛,转基因技术有待进一步完善。高分辨率检测设备和基因鉴定技术的应用,结合计算机预测模型开发,使茶树品种早期鉴定的准确性得到提升。茶树育种目标经过了高产、优质、早生的阶段,发展到了满足多样化需求的时期。进一步提高早期鉴定准确度、缩短育种周期是茶树育种技术发展的目标。

Advances in germplasm enhancement of tea breeding, techniques for identification of new tea cultivars, changes in breeding objectives, improvement of breeding program, achievements of tea breeding, system of propagation and extension of new tea cultivars were reviewed in this paper, which provides useful information for further studies in tea genetics and breeding. Hybridization is still the major method for innovating tea breeding materials, and the physical and chemical mutagenesis methods have been extensively used, while transgenic technique remains to be further improved. Combination of the high resolution inspecting equipments and the gene identification technology with the forecasting models established by computer technology made the early identification of tea cultivars more accurate. The breeding target has been diversified after going through yield breeding, quality breeding and early flushing breeding stages. Improving early identification accuracy and shortening breeding cycle will be the aim for tea breeding technology development.