新疆欧洲李资源枝叶形态及果实感官特征差异分析

Characteristic Variance Analysis on Morphology of Branches-leaves and Fruit Sense-organ of Prunus domestica L.Resources in Xinjiang

为探索几类新疆欧洲李种质资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系差异,对5个类型共30个欧洲李单株的48项枝叶形态及果实感官指标进行观察测定。结果表明,供试单株在各项指标上均展现出不同程度的多样性,其中以单果重的变异系数最高,达到69.82%。提取前11个累计贡献率达90.632%的主成分,依次命名为果实重量因子、叶片大小因子、叶片形状因子1、果实形状及皮孔因子1以及内在品质因子等。聚类分析中,野生欧洲李和伽师酸梅以及部分塔城酸梅聚为一类,国外引进欧洲李品种和塔城槟子以及部分塔城酸梅聚为另一类。新疆欧洲李种质资源的枝叶形态及果实感官特征总体具有一定的多样性,其中有关果实感官特征的指标多样性最丰富。在枝叶形态及果实感官特征上,野生欧洲李与本地酸梅品种更相似,国外引进欧洲李品种与塔城欧洲李资源更相似。

In order to explore the difference of genetic diversity and genetic relationship between several types of Prunus domestica L.resources in Xinjiang,48 indicators on morphology of branches‐leaves and sense‐organ fruit of 30 Prunus domestica L.individuals from 5 types were observed and measured.The tested individuals all showed varying degrees of diversity on each indicator.Among them the variable coeffi‐cient of single fruit weight was the highest,reached 69.82%.The first 11 principal components from cumu‐lative contribution reached 90.632%.The 11 principal components were named factor of fruit weight,factor of leaves size,factor of No.1 leaves shape,factor of No.1 fruit shape and lenticell,factor of internal quality and so on.In cluster analysis,wild Prunus domestica L.,Jiashi Smoked Plum and part of Tacheng Smoked Plum were classified into another one group.However,abroad Prunus domestica L.varieties,Tacheng Binzi and the another part of Tacheng Smoked Plum were classified into a group.The branches‐leaves morpholo‐gy and fruit sense‐organ characters of Prunus domestica L.germplasm resources in Xinj iang had a certain diverse overall,among which there were the richest indicator diversity of fruit sense‐organ characters.In the respect of branches‐leaves morphology and fruit sense‐organ characters,wild Prunus domestica L.and lo‐cal smoked plum were simillar with each other.So abroad Prunus domestica L.varieties and Prunus dom‐estica L.resources in Tacheng were closer to each other.