青岛市环境空气中VOCs的污染特征及化学反应活性

Pollution Characteristics and Chemical Reactivity of Ambient VOCs in Qingdao

利用2012年青岛市挥发性有机物(VOCs)监测数据,系统分析了VOCs的污染特征、来源和化学反应活性。结果表明,青岛市VOCs浓度处于较低水平,且烷烃是VOCs的主要组分,占60%以上。夏、秋季的VOCs浓度高于春、冬季,且9月的浓度高于其他月份,日变化呈现"两峰一谷"趋势,与交通早晚高峰对应。VOCs各组分均表现出周末效应,说明机动车源和工业源的重要影响,优势物种的相关性分析进一步证明了这一点。对比各组分的OH消耗速率,得出烯烃的臭氧生成贡献高于烷烃和芳香烃,控制机动车尾气、溶剂挥发、化石工业等VOCs排放源将有利于降低大气中的臭氧浓度。

Based on the volatile organic compounds (VOCs)data in Qingdao in 201 2,the characteristics of VOCs pollution,sources and chemical reactivity were analyzed.The results showed that the concentration of VOCs in Qingdao was lower than other cities,and alkanes were the most abundant component of VOCs,account-ing for more than 60%.The total VOCs concentrations in summer and autumn were higher than that in spring and winter,and the monthly variation of VOCs indicated that the higher values occurred in September.The diur-nal variation showed an obvious trend of two peaks,corresponding to the morning and evening rush hours.Each component of VOCs showed weekend effect,indicating important impact of vehicle emission and industrial sources,and the correlation analysis of the dominant species further proved it.Compared with the OH consump-tion rate of these components,alkenes has higher contribution for ozone formation than alkanes and aromatics hy-drocarbons.Controlling vehicle emissions,solvent evaporation,fossil industry and other VOCs sources will help to reduce the concentration of ozone in the atmosphere.