基于融合蛋白的生物材料及其在组织工程中的应用

Recombinant Fusion Protein Based Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering

模似生物体组织的结构与状态、研制细胞与支架材料三维复合体,将有望开发出用于修复受损组织和器官的生物替代品。细胞的正常生物活动需要来自细胞外微环境中的信号分子持续刺激。作为人工细胞外基质的重要组成部分,材料的物理及化学信号能够影响细胞基因及蛋白表达,但远不足以达到体外重建组织器官的长远目标。利用基因与蛋白质工程技术对天然蛋白结构进行融合改造,设计并生物合成具有多重结构与功能的融合蛋白生物材料,可用于改善天然或化学合成生物材料的生物活性。综述了国内外基于融合蛋白的生物材料发展动态,概括了融合蛋白的设计思路与制备技术,重点详述了与细胞生长因子以及细胞粘附因子相关的融合蛋白在组织工程领域的应用。

The construction of 3D biological substitutes consisting of cells and scaffolds is an expected approach for tissue repair and organ restoration. Normal biological activities of cells requires the continuous stimulation of signaling molecules from the extracellular mi As an important part of the artificial extracellular matrix, both chemical signals and physical forces of the biomaterials remodeling regulate cell gene and protein express but far not enough to extracorporealy re-sculpt tissue structure. Using gene and protein engineering technology, a fusion protein could be designed with multiple functions and improved the biological activities of natural or synthetic materials. In this article, we summarize the developments of biomaterials based on the fusion protein, as well as the concepts of fusion protein design and preparation. Meanwhile, we highlight the applications of fusion proteins that related to cell growth factors and cell adhesion factors in tissue engineering.