清代民歌小曲的文献考察

A Textual Investigation on Qing Dynasty Folk Ballads

清代民歌小曲文献可以乾隆元年为界分为前后两期。前期传世文献较少,但对于了解明清之际民歌小曲的嬗递有较大价值。后期随着花部的迅速发展,民歌小曲集逐渐增多,至嘉庆、道光间,各类民歌小曲文献已十分丰富。及至清末,出现了大量单首或数首合刻的木刻本、手抄本,这类文献未经辑录整理,保存了民歌小曲的原生面貌。

The texts of Qing Dynasty folk songs and ballads can be divided into two stages,with 1735 as the separatrix. The early stage left fewer texts which were more valuable for understanding the evolution of the folk songs at the juncture of Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the later stage more collections appeared along with the rapid development of the ＂section of flowers＂,and variety of folk song texts has been accumulated to the Jiangjing and Daoguang periods. To the end of the Qing Dynasty,abundant of printed or handwritten copies of single songs or albums emerged,which preserved the original features of the folk songs.