历史话语的裂隙和西尔科的末日情结——解读《死者年鉴》中的时间观

The Fracture of Historical Discourse and Silko's Complex of Doomsday:A Reading of the View of Time in Almanac of the Dead

时间是文明冲突和殖民历史的见证者,也是美国印第安作家L.M.西尔科用来反抗霸权历史叙事和殖民话语的重要手段。在《死者年鉴》中,西尔科凸显了印第安循环往复的时间模式,改写了欧洲中心主义时间观的思维定式,揭示了欧美霸权主义的"闭合历史观"的裂隙,对霸权历史叙事的合法性提出了质疑。作家采用玛雅人的时间预言模式,赋予小说浓郁的末世情结,对当今美国社会腐化堕落的细致体察,对欧美殖民主义衰落命运的深刻洞见,对印第安文化复兴的急切期盼,都呈现出作家的现实关怀。

Time is a witness of cultural conflicts and the colonial history,as well as an important method used by American Indian writer L. M. Silko to fight against the hegemonic narrative of history and the colonial speech. In Almanac of the Dead,Silko highlights the Indian circulatory time mode,rewrites thinking set of the Eurocentric view of time. He revealed the fracture in the Euro-American ＂closure of history＂,questioning the legitimacy of the hegemonic narrative of history. Using the pattern of Maya time prediction,the author endows the novel with a thick dooms day atmosphere. The detailed observation on the corruption in American society,the deep insight of the declining fate of Euro-American colonialism,and the urgent expectation of the revival of the Indian culture,all of these demonstrates the author＇s realistic concern.