社会法的社会语境:人民社会的政治观念——兼与公法、私法社会语境的比较

The Social Context of Social Law and the Political Conception in People's Society in Comparison with the Social Context of Public law and Private Law

社会语境是介于社会需求事实与上层建筑之间的媒介场景,作为第三法域或是部门法的社会法也应该有自己特殊的社会语境系统。当代西方国家因社会内部压力对市民社会自由性和自利性的有限改造,促成了"律他、利他"的人民社会初级语境形成,体现出"协调市场竞争与进行社会保护"的政治观念,西方国家的社会法是对该政治观念的法制反映。"以人为本、谋求社会成员共同幸福"是中国特色社会主义人民社会语境的政治观念,中国的社会法建设除应具有"协调市场竞争与进行社会保护"之相同经济、社会功效外,还具有制度自觉的政治功效。人民社会不同层次的政治观念决定了两种不同的社会法立法目标与任务和其在法律体系中不同的实体地位。

The social context is the media scene between facts of social needs and superstructure,so that the social law as the third scope of law or sector of law should have its particular social context system. The primary context in people＇ society with the feature of ＂heteronomy and altruism＂is formed by the limited reform on freedom and selfishness of citizen society in contemporary Western countries due to the social internal pressure,which has reflected the political conception of ＂coordination between market competition and social protection＂,thus the social law of Western countries is the legal reflection of such political conception. The political ideas of people＇s social context with Chinese characteristic of Socialism is＂people oriented and in pursuit of common happiness among social members＂. The establishment of Chinese social law should not only have similar economic and social functions of ＂coordination between market competition and social protection＂,but also the political function of systemic consciousness. Different levels of political conception in people＇s society have formed different social legislative goals,missions and different substantive status in the legal system.