个性化侧卧位枕在颈椎术后患者中的应用效果

Application of personalized lateral decubitus pillow for patients with cervical spine surgery

目的：探讨个性化侧卧位颈枕用于颈椎术后患者的效果。方法将符合标准的患者106例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组58例和对照组48例；对照组采用常规颈椎术后垫枕,侧卧位时颈枕高度与患者肩颧距相当；观察组患者侧卧位时改用自主设计的带有靠枕与头枕相连的侧卧位颈枕,靠枕支撑于侧卧时悬空的枕部,头下方的枕高根据个性化需求灵活调整。比较两组患者舒适度、切口疼痛及侧卧位维持时间。结果观察组术后第1,2,3天舒适度评分均高于对照组[（66.3±4.8）比（63.4±3．5）分,（68.4±5.3）比（65.1±4.6）分,（71.3±4.8）比（68.3±4.4）分；t值分别为3.461,3.473,3.270；P〈0.05]；观察组术后第1,2,3天切口疼痛评分均低于对照组[（5.09±1.33）比（5.88±1.29）分,（4.78±1.30）比（5.52±1.09）分,（4.33±1.13）比（5.06±1.06）分；t值分别为3.127,3.157,3．427；P〈0.05]；观察组维持侧卧位时间为（88.6±15.2）min,较对照组（79.3±14.1）min延长,差异有统计学意义（t=-3.239,P=0.002）。结论个性化侧卧位颈枕能提高颈椎术后患者舒适度、侧卧位的维持时间及减轻切口疼痛。

Objective To explore the application effect of personalized lateral decubitus pillow for patients with cervical spine surgery. Methods A totals of 106 patients after cervical spine surgery were recruited and randomly divided into control group （48 cases） and experimental group （58 cases）. Patients in the control group used the common pillow when patients lay lateral position-the height of pillow equal to shoulder cheekbone breadth, while experimental group used the personalized lateral decubitus pillow which supported suspended occipitalis and the height of pillow adjusted by individual. The comfort score, incision pain score and last time for lateral position of all patients were compared. Results The comfort score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group during the first day, second day and the third day after surgery [（66. 3 ± 4. 8） vs （63. 4 ± 3. 5）, （68. 4 ± 5. 3） vs （65. 1 ± 4. 6）, （71. 3 ± 4. 8） vs （68. 3 ± 4. 4）;t=3. 461,3. 473,3. 270, respectively; P 〈0. 05]. The incision pain score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group during the first day, second day and the third day after surgery [（5.09±1.33） vs（5.88±1.29）,（4.78±1.30） vs（5.52±1.09）,（4.33±1.13） vs（5.06±1.06）;t=3. 127,3. 157,3. 427, respectively;P〈0. 05]. The last time of the experimental group for lateral position were longer than that of control group [（88. 6 ± 15. 2） min vs （79. 3 ± 14. 1） min; t = -3. 239,P =0. 002]. Conclusions It can increase the comfort score, extend the last time for lateral position and lessen incision pain to use the individuation lateral position pillow for patients after cervical spine surgery.