《鸣凤记》创作年代与“时事剧”之义界

The Creative Time of Mingfengji and Current-Event Dramma's Definition

由于缺乏文献证据,《鸣凤记》作为"第一部"时事剧的标识实际上不具有足够的说服力,研究者关于《鸣凤记》产生于万历元年至十年的说法,因推考材料的薄弱与逻辑漏洞也未必成立。朱濑滨所撰《鸾笔记》可确认完成于万历初年,以当朝人写当朝事凸显了作家的政治勇气,因此这部作品更具首部时事剧的材料支撑。一部戏曲作品要成为"时事剧",必须具备以下几个要素,即:具有鲜明的政治性和相对可靠的真实性,主要角色应为时事人物,以及兼具"共时"阶段的时效性,即以剧作家的创作过程与剧本所描述的事件或人物是否存在交集为依据。

Because of a lack of documents support,Mingfengji as the first current-event drama is not convincing.The saying that Mingfengji was completed during the first ten years of Wanli Period was not accurate because of the weak inference materials and the flaw in logic.It could be confirmed that Luanbiji,written by Zhu Laibing,was completed in the early Wanli period.It showed the writer＇s politic courage that the current figure wrote the current affairs,therefore this work as the first current-event drama was supported by the materials.A current-event drama should be distinctly political and relatively believable,and the protagonist should be the current figure and the timeliness of synchronic stage,which means whether the description of the events or characters are also existed in the creative process.