胡乔木与胡风案

Hu Qiaomu and Hu Feng Event

对胡风文艺思想的批判和对胡风的政治清算有一个渐次升级的过程。其中,在对胡风文艺思想的批判中,胡乔木起了重要作用。1945年10月,胡乔木随毛泽东去重庆谈判后逗留重庆,借批《论主观》来清除胡风文艺思想的影响;1948年香港的《大众文艺丛刊》对胡风发起的公开批评,也得到了胡乔木的支持;新中国成立头两年,胡乔木多次奉命找胡风谈话,试图解决其思想问题,他还借舒芜发表自我检讨文章的契机,组织过批判胡风文艺思想的文章。《人民日报》转发了舒芜的自我检讨文章,胡乔木亲自加按语,第一次正式公开提到"以胡风为首的一个文艺上的小集团",事实上为后面的文艺批判定了基调;1954年之后的对胡风大批判过程中,胡风写给舒芜的私信被披露直接导致了胡风问题升级为"反党反革命"问题。这件事与胡乔木建议写胡风的宗派主义的文章有间接关系。但是,对于把胡风及与胡风问题有牵连的人定性为"胡风反党集团",胡乔木是不赞成的,并在毛泽东面前替胡风作过申辩。

It had a gradual upgrade process on a critique of Hu Feng＇s literary thoughts and a political settlement to Hu Feng.As the senior vice minister of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the CPC,Hu Qiaomu played an important role on it.In October 1945,Hu Qiaomu still stayed in Chungking after Chungking Negotiations and counteracted the effects of Hu Feng＇s literary thoughts by criticizing ＂subjectiveness＂.Public criticism to Hufeng launched by ＂popular literature series＂ was supported by Hu Qiaomuin in Hongkong in 1948.The first two years of the founding of new China,Hu Qiaomu talked with Hufeng for many times to solve his ideological problems.Hu Qiaomu also organized criticism of Hu Feng＇s literary thoughts throught the opportunity of Shuwu self-criticism;Hu Qiaomu first mentioned publicly ＂a small cabal of literary headed by Hufeng＂ In his giving editorial notes of Shuwu＇s article.Hu Feng＇s private letters to Shuwu were disclosed which directly led to Hu Feng event upgrading to ＂anti-party and anti-revolution＂ problems in the process of the great criticism of Hu Feng.After 1954,this matter had an indirect relationship with Hu Qiaomu＇s suggest of writing Hu Feng sectarianism.However,Hu Qiaomu disapproved to determine Hu Feng and the people implicating with Hu Feng as ＂ Hufeng Anti-Party Clique＂.He gave a claim in this connection before Mao Zedong.In the past,people very paid attention to Zhouyang who had deep historical grievances with Hu Feng and ignored the role of Hu Qiaomu in Hu Feng event.