肇实种子萌发与生长特性研究

The Study on Seed Germination and the Growth Characteristics of Euryale ferox Salisb.

以肇实为材料,研究其种子萌发和植株生长特性,结果表明,水生植物肇实的种子萌发特性不同于一般的旱生植物,种子需要度过一段低温的休眠期才能发芽;萌发时子叶轴向伸长,胚根、胚芽挤出种孔;在子叶基部的外侧伸出白色乳头状突起,随后上胚轴伸长,胚芽从子叶的叶柄间伸出。肇实在生长发育过程中,叶片形态多变,不断增厚变粗,但叶面的通气组织发达。研究结果表明,肇实在不同生长时期,叶片中可溶性蛋白含量不断变化,表现为生长后期蛋白含量显著高于生长早期,SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示,3个不同生长时期叶片蛋白在45 k D处均有1条明显清晰的谱带,但生长后期蛋白谱带着色比早期更深。此外,肇实种仁中可溶性蛋白含量显著低于种衣中的,但SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示,种仁含有5条染色较深的清晰谱带,其中31 k D处蛋白含量丰富,而种衣中的蛋白谱带明显不同,数量更为丰富,分布也更加均匀。

In this paper,the growth characteristics and seed germination of Euryale ferox Salisb. produced from Zhaoqing region,Guangdong province was studied,the results showed the seed germination characteristics of a real aquatic plants are different from the general xeric plants,seeds of Euryale ferox Salisb. have to be preserved in water and need to spend its after-ripening processes in the low temperature environment to germinate. When the seed germination began,Cotyledon petiole axial elongation,then radicle and germ extrusion out the micropyle,and white papillae protruding outside the petiole base of cotyledon,followed by the hypocotyl elongation,germ protruding from petiole between the two cotyledons were observed. Moreover,leaf shape changing,leaf becoming thicker,and leaf aerenchyma developed of Euryale ferox Salisb. were observed during the growth and development process. The results showed that leaf soluble protein content of Euryale ferox Salisb. was different in different growth stages,and the leaf protein content in the later stage was higher than early stages. In addition,SDS-PAGE analysis showed that a distinct protein band（about 45 k D） was contained in leaf Euryale ferox Salisb. during three different growth stage,while the colored band in later growth stage leaf deeper than the earlier growth stage. The results showed that soluble protein content of seed kernel in Euryale ferox Salisb. was significantly lower than seed coat,while SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were 5 distinct stained bands in seed kernel of Euryale ferox Salisb.,especially containing an abundant protein at the 31 k D location. While protein bands of seed coat were significantly different,and the numbers of protein bands was richer,and more evenly distributed.