使用不同踝关节保护措施对足球运动员侧切时支撑腿生物力学特征的影响

Effects of Different Ankle Prophylactic Supporters on the Biomechanical Characteristics of Football Players' Landing Leg When Cutting

目的主要运用生物力学的方法研究不同踝关节保护措施对足球运动员侧切时支撑腿力学特征的影响。方法运用红外光点运动捕捉系统同步三维测力台,对足球运动员在不采取踝关节保护措施、贴扎和佩带护具3种状态下侧切过程中支撑腿有关力学参数进行分析。结果在侧切过程中,贴扎缩短了受试者从接触地面到达首次垂直地面反作用力峰值的时间,减小了足最大背屈角度、最大内翻角度和最大内翻角速度;护具显著减小了足最大背屈角度,明显增加了最大内翻角度和踝关节最大外翻力矩。结论贴扎能有效地减小踝关节活动度,但使人体侧切着地初期缓冲能力下降;贴扎能为人体保护机制提供更多的时间来应对踝内翻,也许会减少踝关节潜在的损伤。护具能有效地限制了踝的屈伸活动度。二者的使用并未对膝关节带来消极影响。

Objective The research is on the effects of different ankle supporters on soccer players＇ landing leg when cutting with biomechanical methods.Methods Analyze the data about the mechanical parameters on soccer players＇ landing leg when cutting at three different status（control,taping and bracing） with motion capture system synchronized by 3-D force plates.Results Taping shortened the time from the initial contact to ground to the first peak vertical GRF and significantly reduced the maximum ankle dorsiflextion,maximum inversion and maximum inversion angular velocity.Brace significantly reduced the maximum dorsiflextion.However,brace increased maximum inversion and maximum eversion torque.Conclusion Taping effectively reduced the ROM of ankle but had a negative effect on the cushion capacity of the body during early cutting period.Meanwhile taping might provide body＇s protective mechanisms more time to respond to ankle inversion and might reduce the potential risk for ankle sprain.Brace could restrict ankle＇s ROM.The use of the two supporters did not create negative effects on knee.