高频超声在外周神经病变中的诊断价值

The value of high-frequency ultrasound in diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy

目的:探讨高频超声在外周神经病变中的诊断价值。方法:高频超声检查健侧,了解正常外周神经超声图像的基础上对92例共113条病变神经进行术前超声检查,并与手术所见及病理结果作对比,证实超声诊断价值。结果:正常外周神经纵切面呈多条平行线状结构,横切面呈蜂窝状。神经完全断裂表现为神经外膜及神经束连续性中断,断端神经增粗。神经粘连时表现为神经不规则增粗,外膜模糊不清。神经受压时神经局部变细,两端增粗。神经鞘瘤呈低回声肿物,两端与神经相连。以术中所见为标准,超声诊断符合率为95.5%。结论:高频超声能有效诊断外周神经病变,对临床治疗和选择手术方案有重要指导意义。

Objective： To explore the diagnostic value of high-frequency ultrasound in the peripheral neuropathy.Methods： The limb peripheral nerves of the contralateral were examined by high- frequency ultrasound,understanding of normal peripheral nerve on the basis of ultrasound images,and 92 cases of limb peripheral nerve injuries（ 113 articles）,the results were compared with what surgery had seen and pathology results,Results：Vertical sonograms of normal peripheral nerves were bunch structure consisting of parallel linear echo,transverse section assumes the honeycomb. When nerves were completely broken,the continuity of epineurium and nerve bundle broke off,the end nerve enlarged. When nerve was adhered,it became irregular enlargement,outer membrane was blurred. When nerve was compressed,the bunch structure became thiner,both ends were enlarged.Neurinoma was oval,well- defined,hypoechoic solid tumors and the nerves connected with the masses. The diagnostic rate by ultrasonography was 95. 5% when the intraoperative findings were regarded as criteria.Conclusion： High-frequency ultrasound can diagnose peripheral neuropathy effectively,it has important significance in clinical treatment and surgical method choice.