早期护理干预在胸腰椎骨折术后的应用

Effect of early nursing interventions in thoracolumbar fractures after operation

目的探讨早期护理干预对胸腰椎骨折术后心理及并发症的影响。方法回顾性分析浙江省台州恩泽医疗中心集团路桥医院2011年9月-2013年9月收治的胸腰椎骨折患者68例,将早期护理干预前34例作为对照组,早期护理干预后34例作为干预组,比较两组术后8周心理状态、疼痛、并发症和生活质量。结果两组术后并发症比较,干预组压疮、便秘、感染发生率均显著少于对照组（χ^2=9.04、12.31、9.72,均P〈0.01）;术后疼痛评分干预组显著低于对照组（t=13.35,P〈0.01）,生活质量评分（QOL）干预组显著高于对照组（t=12.50,P〈0.01）;焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表评分显著低于对照组,差异均有高度统计学意义（t=3.87、t=4.07,均P〈0.01）。结论早期护理干预能显著改善胸腰椎骨折术后患者的心理状态,改善疼痛,减少术后并发症,提高生活质量。

Objective To study the effect of early nursing interventions in thoracolumbar fractures after operation.Methods 68 cases of thoracolumbar fracture from September 2011 to September 2013 in Taizhou Enze Medical Center Luqiao Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, 34 patients before early nursing were selected as control group and 34 patients after early nursing were selected as intervention group. Psychological status, pain, complications and quality of life after 8 weeks of operation were compared between the two groups. Results Complications after operation were compared between the two groups, the rate of pressure sore, constipation and infection in intervention group were significantly less than those in the control group（χ^2=9.04, 12.31, 9.72, all P 〈0.01）. The pain scores after operation in intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group（t = 13.35, P 〈0.01）, QOL score in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group（t = 12.50, P 〈0.01）. SAS and SDS score after operation in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group（t = 3.87, 4.07, P 〈0.01）.Conclusion Early nursing intervention can improve postoperative mental state, pain of patients with thoracolumbar fracture after operation, reduce the postoperative complications, it can also improve the quality of life.