美国DARPA军民融合式科技创新发展路径探析

Analysis on the DARPA 's Civil-Military Integrated Technology Innovation Developing Route

美国国防高级研究计划局(DARPA)作为重大科技攻关项目的组织、协调、管理机构和美国军用高技术预研工作的技术管理部门,在军民融合式科技创新方面取得了巨大的成就。文章以DARPA组织发展为研究对象,从创新主体、组织结构、运行机制等三个方面总结了其军民融合式科技创新模式的基本特征,并对DARPA在维系科技创新供需双方之间的"纽带效应"进行分析,最后构建出DARPA军民融合式科技创新发展路径,为我国实现军民融合科技创新深度发展提供有益的思路和借鉴。

As a scientific institution of key project organization, coordination and management and also as a management of advanced hi-tech research for the U.S. forces, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency（DARPA） has made great achievements in the civil-military integration of science and technology innovation. Firstly, this article summarizes three main basic characteristics（which are subject of innovation, organizational structure and operational mechanism）of technology innovation mode in the civil-military integration. Besides, it makes an analysis of the ＂Bridge Effect＂ of DARPA on sustaining both supplying and demanding sides of technology innovation. Finally, by constructing the civil-military integration of technology innovation developing route of DARPA, the article provides some beneficial references for the development of China＇s civil-military integration of science and technology innovation.