二氧化碳吸收/吸附剂研究进展

Progress of separation of carbon dioxide

综述了目前正在研究的各种二氧化碳分离技术。根据分离技术原理的不同,对吸收法、吸附法及膜分离法等技术进行了分类讨论。对于吸收法根据吸收剂的使用温度分为高温吸收剂和低温吸收剂进行了分类综述;根据使用材料的不同对吸附剂做了详尽的评述;并且展望了二氧化碳分离技术的未来发展趋势,提出了鉴于目前任何单一方法都不能满足燃煤电厂烟气治理的要求,应该综合各种技术的优点,制造吸附容量更高、选择性更强的复合材料,如吸附剂浸渍有机胺吸收液来提高吸附剂的选择性和吸附容量,膜材料浸渍胺的水溶液,多孔聚合物浸渍有机溶液,以及一些新型结构的吸收剂如离子溶液和金属有机骨架等等。

All kinds of available CO2 separation technologies are reviewed in this paper. Based on the principles of various separation technologies such as absorption, adsorption and membrane separation are discussed. Owing to the application temperature, absorption materials are categorized into high-temperature absorbent and low-temperature absorbent and their latest progress are performed. For the adsorption, different materials such as activated carbon, zeolite and MOFs, etc. , are discussed thoroughly. The trend of CO2 separation in the future is put forward as well. Since any single method cannot satisfy the requirement of coal-fired power plant, the advantages of all the available methods is proposed to be integrated to deal with the CO2 separation, including adsorbents impregnated with amine, membrane impregnated with amine, porous polymer impregnated with organic solvents and some absorbents with new structure such as ionic liquids and metal organic frames.