市政废水回用中超滤膜系统污染物剖析研究

Analysis on foulings of UF membrane in municipal wastewater reuse field

在对达标外排市政废水水质分析的基础上,运用SEM、能谱、FTIR等分析手段对被污染超滤膜面的无机污染物、有机污染物和微生物进行了剖析,结果表明:超滤膜面存在复合污染,其中无机污染主要为Ca、Mg、Si和Fe形成的胶体和垢,有机污染物主要为聚丙烯酸类聚合物和磺胺类化合物,且有微生物污染。同时超滤膜的清洗液分析结果也表明,超滤膜污染主要为有机和无机污染,其中碱洗能有效去除较多有机物及部分两性Si胶体等,酸洗能有效去除有结垢倾向的Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe及部分两性硅铝胶体。

On the basis of the general analysis of feed municipal wastewater, the characteristic foulings including organic fouling,inorganic fouling and biofouling on UF membrane are identified and analyzed by SEM, EDS, FTIR and etc. The results show that there are mixed fouling on UF membrane surface. The inorganic fouling on the UF membrane surface are mainly the scale and colloid consisting of Ca, Mg, Si and Fe. The organic fouling are acrylic polymer and sulfonamides. There are also some biofouling on UF membrane. The studies also explore that the scaled and colloidal fouling which include Ca,Mg,Mn and Fe can be effectively washed with acidic solutions. Organic fouling can be washed with basic solution. It is also noted that amphoteric colloid containing Si and Al can be washed with either acidic or basic solutions.