北京平谷区18～76岁人口代谢综合征风险与饮食的关系

Investigate the dietary factors impact on metabolic syndrome in the rural 18-76 years old population in Beijing Pinggu district

目的调查北京市郊区人口中饮食因素对代谢综合征（MS）的影响。方法2008年4月至2009年3月采用容量比例概率抽样法（PPS法）随机抽样横断面调查北京市平谷区8189户常住居民家庭，在每户家庭中用基什网格法（KISH法）随机抽取1人（18—76岁）。签署知情同意后进行问卷调查、体格检查及抽血检查。采用半定量食物频度法了解常见10类食物的摄入情况。最终，共6925人完成调查，其中6272（男性3132，女性3140）份有效问卷纳入本研究。MS采用美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗方案第三次报告（NCEP-ATP Ⅲ2005）标准。计量资料比较采用t检验；采用多元logistic回归分析MS的影响因素。结果MS总患病率24．69％，女性MS患病率高于男性（32．23％比17．18％，x2=190．93，P〈0．05）。MS与非MS者平均每天进食水果、动物内脏、畜肉类、水产海鲜类食品的次数有显著差异（x2=21．18、32．06、9．40、10．98，均P〈0．05）。每天进食水果、畜肉者MS患病率低于不进食水果和畜肉者；平均每天进食0—1次动物内脏、0～1次水产海鲜者低于不进食者和平均进食31次者。多元logistic回归发现，MS患病率男性低于女性（OR=0．42，95％CI=0．37～0．48），并随着年龄增长而增加（OR=1．32，95％CI=1．21～1．43）；与MS发病相关的饮食因素是不进食水果（OR=1．72，95％CI=1．33～2．21），平均每天进食1〉1次畜肉类（OR=1．23，95％CI=1．07～1．42）、≥1次动物内脏（OR=3．93，95％CI=1．45～10．65）。分别根据宏量营养素所占能量的比例不同分段，未发现MS组与非MS组有所不同。结论所调查人群中与MS风险增加相关的因素是女性、增龄、不吃水果、平均进食畜肉≥1次／d、进食动物内脏≥1次/d。无论是否存在MS，人群宏量营养素占能比差异无统计学意义。

Objective To investigate the impact of dietary factors on metabolic syndrome （MS）in the rural population in Beijing city. Methods From April 2008 to March 2009, using the method of PPS random sampling cross-sectional survey for 8 189 permanent resident families in Beijing Pinggu district, in every family, use KISH table method to pick 1 person randomly （18-76 years old）. The consent of each subjects for questionnaire, physical examination and blood tests were collected. Semi-quantitative food frequency method was used to understand common 10 kind of food intake. In the end, a total of 6 925 people completed the survey, of which 6 272 （male 3 132, female 3 140）effective questionnaires were included in this study. MS was diagnosed with the national cholesterol education program adult treatment report the third （NCEP ATP m-2005）. Measurement data was compared by using t test. The influence factors of MS were analyzed by mul Stivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The total incidence of MS was 24.69% in this population, and was significantly higher in females than that in males （32.23% vs 17.18%, X2=190.93, P〈0.05 ）. There were significant differences in daily frequencies of eating fruit, animal offal, livestock meat, aquatic food seafood between MS and non-MS group every day （x2=21.18,32.06, 9.40, 10.98, all P〈0.05）. People who ate fruit and livestock meat every day had a lower prevalence of MS than that in those who did not eat fruit and meat. People who ate animal offal and aquaculture seafood 0-1 time/day had a lower prevalence of MS than those who did not eat or ate more than 1 time daily. It was found by multivariate logistic regression analysis that the prevalence of MS was lower in male than in female（OR=0.42,95%CI=0.37-0.48） ,and increased with age （OR= 1.32, 95% Cl= 1.21-1.43） ;the dietary factors that associated with MS morbidity was not to eat fruit （OR= 1.72, 95 % CI= 1.33- 2.21）, eating livestock meat for ≥ 1 times daily on average （OR= 1.23,95 % CI= 1.07-1.42）, eating animal innards for ~〉1 times daily（OR=3.93,95%CI= 1.45-10.65）. There was no significant differences in macro nutrients proportion（lipid,carbohydrate and protein）between the MS non-MS groups（x2=1.01,3.53,7.82, all P≥0.05）. Conclusion The factors associated with increased risk for MS are female, age, not to eat fruit, livestock meat eating ≥1 times daily, eating animal innards ≥1 times daily. No significant differences in macro nutrients proportion（lipid,carbohydrate and protein）between the MS non-MS groups.