不同施肥方法对夏季速生青菜硝酸盐含量及产量和品质的影响

Effects of different fertilizer applications on the nitrate content,yield and quality of fast-growing pakchoi in summer

为了提高青菜夏季栽培的产量和控制青菜硝酸盐含量,以不同量的有机肥、复合肥和它们的混合肥分别做基肥,采用泡沫槽撒播,并于播种后20 d,筛选有机肥和有机复合肥处理中的各2个处理进行不同量的尿素追肥。结果表明:以有机肥处理A3、混合肥处理的A281及尿素处理的A1 N1的青菜生长量显著高于以基质作为对照栽培的青菜,其中以处理A3有机肥288 g/槽(约600 kg/667 m^2)处理的夏季速生青菜生物量最大。青菜硝酸盐含量较低且介于国家食品安全评价标准一级和二级之间的处理有A1、A2、A3和A1B1,其中A3处理的青菜体内硝酸盐含量为771.98 mg/kg,而Vc、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白等品质均较高,因此A3处理的青菜生长和硝酸盐含量效果较好。

In order to improve the yield and control nitrate content of pakchoi cultivated in summer,differ-ent amounts of organic fertilizer（A）,compound fertilizer（B）and their mixed fertilizer（AB）were respectively used as base fertilizer,and at 20 days after seeding,various amounts of additional fertilizer（N）were applied to the pakchoi treated with organic fertilizer（A）and mixed fertilizer（AB）as base fertilizer.The results showed that the A3,A2B1 and A1N1 fertilizer treatments had significantly higher yields than the control（simple substrate）,and the A3 treatment（288 g organic fertilizer per section,or 600 kg/667 m2 ）had the highest yield.The nitrate con-tents of pakchoi under the A1,A2,A3 and A1B1 treatments were relatively low and between the 1st grade and the 2nd grade of the national food safety standard,and the pakchoi under the A3 treatment was 771.98 mg/kg in nitrate content and had comparatively high vitamin C,soluble sugar and soluble protein contents,indicating that the A3 treatment was better in terms of pakchoi yield and quality.