基于损害的西安市大气污染经济损失研究

Economic loss of air pollution in Xi'an City

对污染造成经济损失的计量是制定与环境相关政策的重要依据。使用基于损害的污染损失法估算了西安市大气污染损失。研究表明:2013年西安市大气污染经济损失为72.29亿元,占当年GDP的1.48%。其中人体健康损失最大,占33.93%,农业损失占27.46%,建筑物、材料腐蚀损失占27.2%,清洗费用增加占总损失的11.41%。西安市大气污染损失巨大且呈恶化态势,经济发展以人们生活质量的下降和健康损失为代价。亟需采取强有力措施从源头上改善生态环境,通过生态文明建设实现可持续发展。

The measurement of the air pollution loss is basic to formulate the environmental policy. The pollution loss method based on damage was used to estimate the air pollution damage in Xi＇an City. It was found that the total air pollution loss of Xi＇an City in 2013 was 72. 29 billion yuan,accounting for 1. 48% of GDP. The loss of human health,the largest loss,accounted for 33. 93% of the total losses,followed by the agricultural loss,which accounted for 27. 46% of the total losses. And the corrosion loss of building accounted for 27. 2% of the total losses. The increasing cleaning fee accounted for 11. 41% of the total losses. The air pollution caused huge loss to Xi＇an city,and the environment is deteriorating. It is urgent to take various measures to improve the ecological environment,and to achieve sustainable development through the construction of ecological cililization.