新疆棉花节水技术灌溉用水效率与影响因素分析

Analysis of cotton irrigation water efficiency and its influencing factors-Taking Juntanghu basin as a case

文中以新疆昌吉州呼图壁县军塘湖示范区143户棉农为研究对象,通过实地调研,用随机前沿生产函数模型测算示范区棉花的灌溉用水效率,用线性回归模型分析各因素对棉花灌溉用水效率的影响程度。结果显示:(1)小流量模式灌溉用水技术效率最高,自动化模式次之,低压小流量模式最低,但灌溉用水技术效率整体偏低,不足0.7,还有进一步提升的空间;(2)棉农的年龄、棉农是否为棉花种植典型户、棉农是否参加节水培训3个因素对棉花的灌溉用水技术效率有显著影响,且棉农是否为棉花种植典型户和棉农是否参加节水培训为正面影响;(3)节水技术的普遍推广和制定符合当地实际的农业灌溉水价有利于农业灌溉用水效率的提高。

This study calculated irrigation water-using efficiency by the method of stochastic frontier production function model and analyzed the influencing factors of water-using efficiency by linear regression model,based on the field survey data in Hutubi County Juntang lake demonstration area of 143 cotton farmers. The results showed that：（ 1） the efficiency of small flow mode among the three techniques is the highest,that of the automation mode is in middle,and the low pressure and small flow mode are the lowest. The efficiency of these modes lower than 0. 7 has room for further improvement.（ 2） The age of farmers,whether being a typical household or whether participated the technical training are significantly affected the irrigation water efficiency,and whether as a typical household or leaders and whether participated the training are positive for the efficiency.（ 3） The efficiency of irrigation could be improved by promoting the new water-saving technology and establishing a reasonable agricultural irrigation water price.