正蓝旗草地生态系统服务权衡研究

The trade-off between grassland ecosystem services in Zhenglan Banner

为权衡利用草地生态系统服务功能,实现草地生态系统的价值最大化,文中运用极值法构建了正蓝旗草地生态系统服务的权衡利用模型,以生物量作为决定生态系统服务价值的关键变量,对区域草地生态系统服务功能的利用进行了权衡分析。结果表明:当典型草原复合草原70%的生物量,湿地草甸65%的生物量,低山丘陵典型草原60%的生物量,低山丘陵湿地草甸55%的生物量,沙丘间平原典型草原15%的生物量用于畜产品供给功能时,区域生态系统服务价值最大。极值权衡分析方法能为正蓝旗草畜平衡政策和生态补偿政策的制定提供一定的科学依据。

Zhenglan Banner is located in the important ecological function areas for desertification control of Hunshandake,China,and its functions of windbreak and sand fixation have played a significant role in containing dust storms of Beijing- Tianjin- Hebei region. At the same time,as a pastoral area,the grassland resource is the basis of the economic and social development in the locality. Therefore,for the grassland in Zhenglan Banner,the trade- off problem of livestock supply and sand fixation exists,which is also the key problem for the regional economic and social development. To balance the service functions of the grassland ecosystem,maximizing the value of the grassland ecosystem,the extremum method was used to structure the trade- off model for the grassland ecosystem services of Zhenglan Banner. Using biomass as the key variable that determine the value of ecosystem services,the trade- off analysis for the service functions of regional grassland ecosystem was conducted by calculating the maximizing value. The result shows that： composite of typical steppe grassland,wetland meadow and hilly wetland were capable of assuming a larger amount of livestock,and meanwhile possessed a fine function of windbreak and sand fixation; typical grassland in low hills and typical plain grassland between sand dunes had a lower supply capacity for biomass and fragile ecological conditions,therefore,the key consideration for these land is protection rather than utilization. The trade- off analysis methods discussed in this article can provide some scientific basis for the formulation of the forage- livestock balancing policies and the ecological compensation policies in Zhenglan Banner.