新疆额尔齐斯河大峡谷地衣区系特征的初步研究

The lichens floristic and ecological characteristics in Ergis river gorge,Xinjiang

根据实地调查并结合已有的文献资料,对新疆额尔齐斯河大峡谷地衣区系进行了初步研究。结果表明:该地区地衣共有72种、1个变种,隶属于6目、16科、30属,其中褐梅属(Melanelia Essl.)、石蕊属(Cladonia Wigg.)、地卷属(Peltigera Willd.)等地衣种类较多,分别占9.33%,10.67%,13.33%。在该地区分布的地衣科目中茶渍目占优势,其科、属、种数分别占该地区地衣总数的68.75%,73.33%,69.33%。根据地衣对环境的适应特征和选择性,将新疆额尔齐斯河大峡谷地衣的地理成分可划分为世界广布成分(20.00%)、环北极成分(26.67%)、温带成分(45.33%)、东亚成分(5.33%)和中国特有种(2.67%)等5个分布类型。其中温带成分和环北极成分占该地区地衣总种数的72.00%,占优势地位。

In this paper we analyzed the lichens species composition and its floristic charecteristics in Ergis river gorge in Xinjiang according to the field investigation and literature. The result shows that there are 72 species,two variants,one variety inditified,and they belong to the six orders,16 families,and 30 genera. Melanelia Essl.,Cladonia Wigg. and Peltigera Willd. have more than seven species,accounting for 9. 33%,10. 67% and13. 33% of total species respectively. Lecanoralis is the dominant order in this area,the number of families,genera and species in this order account for 68. 75%,73. 33% and 69. 33% of all the families,genera and species respectively. There are following five types of lichen flora were identified according to the lichens species adaptation characteristics and selection of environment,Cosmopolitan element（ 20%）,Circumpolar element（ 26.67%）,Temperate zone element（ 45. 33%）,East Asia elements（ 5. 33%） and Endemic to Chinese（ 2.67%）. The species of Temperate zone element and Circumpolar element occupied 72% of the total number of lichen species in the region.