暗物质属性与探测研究进展

Progresses in the study of the nature of dark matter and detections

观测表明不发光的非重子暗物质占宇宙物质总量的约85%,而其属性目前了解很少.理解暗物质的属性需要超越现有的粒子物理标准模型理论框架.本文对暗物质存在的观测证据,暗物质的丰度起源,暗物质粒子候选者,以及暗物质空间间接探测和地下直接探测的近期实验和理论进展等几个方面进行了简要回顾.重点介绍了与空间间接探测结果相关的理论研究进展,如索末菲效应等,以及地下直接探测结果相关的理论研究进展如有效算符方法,同位旋破缺暗物质等.

Astrophysical observations have indicated that dark matter contributes to 85% of the energy budeget of the Universe, but its nature is still largely unknown. Understanding the nature of dark matter requires new physics beyond the current standard models of particle physics. This article briefly reviews the evidence, origins of relic aboundance and candidates of dark matter, with the focus on the indirect and direct detection of dark matter particles. The recent experimental progresses are briefly discussed. Some mechanisims and models such as the Sommerfeld enhancements, effective operator approach and the isospin violating dark matter are discussed.