阳春砂花药发育过程的组织化学研究

Histochemistry Study on Developing Anthers of Amomum villosum Lour.

用环氧树脂包埋的半薄切片经PAS反应和苏丹黑染色,研究阳春砂花药发育中的多糖和脂类物质分布特征。结果发现小孢子母细胞和四分体小孢子中积累了一些脂滴,但没有淀粉。阳春砂小孢子母细胞和四分体没有胼胝质壁。晚期小孢子中除了仍有很多脂滴外,细胞核周围开始出现淀粉粒;成熟花粉粒贮存丰富的淀粉粒和脂滴,且花粉壁由多糖物质构成。阳春砂花药壁结构比较特殊:花药壁由10余层细胞组成;最内层的绒毡层细胞在小孢子时期开始解体,细胞质转变为脂滴,供花粉吸收。开花时,花药壁由表皮和几层薄壁细胞以及径向壁纤维加厚的变形细胞组成。

Anther development of Amomum villosum Lour. were studied using epoxy resin semi-thin sections with periodic acid-Schiff＇s technique and Sudan black staining method. The results showed that microspore mother cells and tetrad microspores accumulated numerous lipids but no starches. The late microspore began appear starches around the nucleus beside lipids. Mature pollen grains accumulated abundant polysaccharide starches and lipids. Pollen wall was stained red,suggesting its polysaccharide feature. The anther wall of A. villosum consists of more than ten lay cells. The tapetal cells degenerated at microspore stage and its cytoplasm transform into lipids for the microspore absorbing. At anthesis,the mature anther wall included epidermis and some layers of parenchymal cells and several layers of endothecium cells with an evidently thickened radial wall.