2010—2013年辛集市手足口病流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-food-mouth disease in Xinji City from 2010-2013

目的分析河北省辛集市2010—2013年手足口病疫情的流行特征,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对辛集市2010—2013年手足口病发病情况和病原学检测情况进行分析。结果 2010—2013年辛集市累计报告手足口病病例1 840例,年均发病率为73.15/10万,重症9例,无死亡病例。主要集中在0~5岁儿童,占总病例数的92.83%（1 708/1 840）;〈5岁组发病率为922.50/10万,≥5岁组为5.66/10万（P〈0.01）。男性发病率为89.30/10万,高于女性的56.71/10万,差异有统计学意义（χ2=91.41,P〈0.01）。各年发病率分别为101.51/10万、99.85/10万、57.47/10万、33.21/10万。全市15个乡镇均有发病,辛集镇年均报告发病率为128/10万,高于其余14个乡镇的57.35/10万,差异有统计学意义（χ2=298.24,P〈0.01）。职业分布以散居儿童（77.28%）和幼托儿童（20.11%）为主,发病高峰为5—11月。实验室确诊占报告病例的6.36%（117/1 840）,样本检测阳性率为41.05%（117/285）。结论 2010—2013年辛集市手足口病疫情呈现下降趋势,发病有明显的季节性、性别、年龄特征,继续加强疫情监测,有针对性落实重点季节,重点地区、重点人群、重点环节防控措施是防控手足口疫情的关键。

[Objeetive]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-food-mouth disease （HFMD） in Xinji City of Hebei from 2010-2013, pro.vide scientific evidence for making preventive measures. [Methods]Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the incidence rate and pathogen detection results of HFMD in Xinji City from 2010-2013.[Resuits]A total of 1 840 HFMD cases were reported in Xinji City from 2010-2013, with the average annual incidence rate of 73.15/lakh, there was 9 severe cases, and no death case was found. The patients were mainly children aged 0-5 years old, accounting for 92.83%（ 1 708/1 840） of total cases. The incidence rate of 〈5 years old group and I〉5 years old group was 922.50/lakh and 5.66/lakh respectively （P〈0.01）. The incidence rate of males （89.30/lakh） was higher than that in females （56.71/lakh）, and the difference was statistically significant （X2--91.41, P〈0.01）. The annual incidence rate was 101.51flakh, 99.85/lakh, 57.47/lakh and 33.21/lakh, respectively. The cases were reported in all of 15 townships. The average annual incidence rate in Xinji Town was 128/lakh, which was higher than that in other 14 townships （57.35/lakh）, and the difference was statistically significant （X2 =298.24, P〈0.01）. The occupation distribution showed that the patients were mainly scattered children （77.28%） and preschool children （20.11%）. The peak season appeared May to November. The laboratory-confirmed cases accounted for 6.36%（ 117/1 840） of total cases, and the positive rate of samples was 41.05%（117/285）.[Conclusion]The incidence rate of HFMD shows a downtrend in Xinji City from 2010-2013, and the epidemic situation has the obvious characteristics of seasonality, sex and age. It is necessary to strengthen the epidemic surveillance, and implement the prevention measures according to key region, population and links, to control the epidemic situation of HFMD.