超声诊断在孕早期胎儿中枢神经系统畸形的筛查价值

The value of ultrasound diagnosis in screening fetal central nervous system malformations in early pregnancy

目的探讨超声诊断在孕早期胎儿中枢神经系统畸形的筛查价值。方法采用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对2368例11—14孕周胎儿进行检查，对诊断发现结构异常胎儿给予终止妊娠建议，并与引产尸检结果进行比较。结果2368例胎儿中，发现16例中枢神经系统畸形（0．66％），且均经引产后病理确诊。其中无脑儿、脑室扩张各4例，蛛网膜囊肿、前脑无裂畸形各1例，脑膨出、Dandy—Walker综合征、开放性脊柱裂各2例。结论孕早期超声检查能及早发现胎儿神经系统畸形，为早期临床干预提供可靠依据，有利于提高优生优育质量。

Objective Study the value of ultrasound diagnosis in screening fetal malformation of the central nervous system in early pregnancy. Methods Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to examine central nervous system malformation for 2368 fetus during 11 to 14 gestational weeks. The pregnancy women were suggested to give away pregnancy when fetal structural abnormalities were found. We compared the results between autopsy and the suggestion. Results In the 2368 fetus, there were 16 cases of central nervous system malformations （0.66%） , the central nervous system malformations were confirmed by pathology after induction of labor. There were four cases of anencephaly and four cases of ventricular dilatation, one case with arachnoid cyst and one case with holoprosencephaly, two cases with encephalocele and two cases with Dandy -Walker syndrome and two cases with open spinal bifida respectively. Conclusions Ultrasound in early pregnancy can find out early fetal nervous system malformations and provide a reliable basis for early clinical intervention. It is conducive for improve the quality of prenatal and postnatal care.